xrd:start - Tate Lab Wiki

Tate Lab Wiki
You are here: start » xrd
This page is read only. You can view the source, but not change it. Ask your administrator if you think this is wrong.
====== X-Ray diffraction ======
In order to do XRD, you need to go to radiation safety training ([[http://oregonstate.edu/ehs/rso/x-ray#xray1|information here]]) and arrange for machine-specific training.

===== Equipment =====
There are a few XRD systems that we use on a regular basis.

Bruker D8 Discover - Dearborn 201- Mostly used for thin films, although you can also put powders in it.  Can be used to do phi scans, chi scans, rocking curve measurements, xrr, etc (these require special training because you have to use the scintillator, which isn't normally installed).  Be sure to use the "snout" on the x-ray source, otherwise you end up with a broad background radiation signal.

Rigaku Ultima - Gilbert FIXME room # - 

Rigaku Miniflex - Gilbert FIXME room # - Useful mostly for powders.  The x-ray beam is too weak for much thin film work, though it may be usable if you have strong peaks (e.g. from epitaxial films).

Rapid - Gilbert FIXME room #-  This machine is particularly nice for doing theta/2theta thin film scans because it collects data over a wide range at once, so you can get lots of counts in a short timeframe.

Status: 27Apr2011 functional

===== Software =====
  * [[http://www.crystalmaker.com/|Crystal Maker]] Home page for our lab software company.  We own a 5-user license for Crystal maker, which allows you to draw crystal structures and manipulate them, and to simulate diffraction patterns.  Mac only, so you have to use lab computers.
  * FindIt:  A NIST database of cif files.  The software lives on the PC in Wngr 481.  Login via your onid or science account.  Lots of search and visualization capabilities. A short into (found on the web; no guarantees) is here: {{:xrd:findit.doc|FindIt intro}} 
  * [[http://www.geocities.jp/kmo_mma/crystal/en/vesta.html|VESTA]] A free, cross-platform program for making and visualizing crystal structures.  It can also simulate powder diffraction patterns.
  * [[http://www.cryst.ehu.es/|Bilbao Crystallographic Server]]
  * [[http://www.crystallography.net/|Crystallography Open Database]] Free data base of crystal structures & cif files
  * [[http://nanocrystallography.research.pdx.edu/|Open Access Crystallography at Portland State]] Open access cif files
  * Powder Diffraction Files (JCPDS from ICDD).  Access to this resource in the Valley Library is on the middle PC on the long portion of the the “L” shaped desk behind the "Ask Here" desk on the first floor.  The machine is marked "Powder Diffraction".  Login with ONID ID and find the PDF icon on the desktop.  Software is easy to use.  Take a USB drive to print PDF files to it.

===== X-Ray Techniques =====
==== Off Axis Scans ====
This is useful when you have an oriented film.  Say you have an 001 film and you want to figure out //a// and //b//, for example.  You could do that by looking at the h0l and 0kl peaks by tilting the sample.  On the Bruker system, this would be a rotation in chi.  To figure out what you should set the angle to, see [[http://www.archive.org/details/elementsofxraydi030864mbp|Cullity]] Appendix 1 (A1-3 has interplanar angles).

If you happen to have Mathematica handy, you can use the following notebooks (instructions included) to calculate the angles quickly:

  * [[http://people.oregonstate.edu/~francjas/research/lattice_angles/interplanar_angles_orthorhombic.nb|Interplanar Angles - Orthorhombic]]
  * [[http://people.oregonstate.edu/~francjas/research/lattice_angles/interplanar_angles_tetragonal.nb|Interplanar Angles - Tetragonal]]
Trace: • thiswiki • leakdetector • site_notice • lightmicroscope • theses • pld • raman • substrate • ellipsometry • computers
Navigation

Search

Toolbox

QR Code
