SGEES(l) LAPACK driver routine (version 1.1) SGEES(l)
NAME
SGEES - compute for an N-by-N real nonsymmetric matrix A, the eigenvalues,
the real Schur form T, and, optionally, the matrix of Schur vectors Z
SYNOPSIS
SUBROUTINE SGEES( JOBVS, SORT, SELECT, N, A, LDA, SDIM, WR, WI, VS, LDVS,
WORK, LWORK, BWORK, INFO )
CHARACTER JOBVS, SORT
INTEGER INFO, LDA, LDVS, LWORK, N, SDIM
LOGICAL BWORK( * )
REAL A( LDA, * ), VS( LDVS, * ), WI( * ), WORK( * ), WR( * )
LOGICAL SELECT
EXTERNAL SELECT
PURPOSE
SGEES computes for an N-by-N real nonsymmetric matrix A, the eigenvalues,
the real Schur form T, and, optionally, the matrix of Schur vectors Z.
This gives the Schur factorization A = Z*T*(Z**T).
Optionally, it also orders the eigenvalues on the diagonal of the real
Schur form so that selected eigenvalues are at the top left. The leading
columns of Z then form an orthonormal basis for the invariant subspace
corresponding to the selected eigenvalues.
A matrix is in real Schur form if it is upper quasi-triangular with 1-by-1
and 2-by-2 blocks. 2-by-2 blocks will be standardized in the form
[ a b ]
[ c a ]
where b*c < 0. The eigenvalues of such a block are a +- sqrt(bc).
ARGUMENTS
JOBVS (input) CHARACTER*1
= 'N': Schur vectors are not computed;
= 'V': Schur vectors are computed.
SORT (input) CHARACTER*1
Specifies whether or not to order the eigenvalues on the diagonal
of the Schur form. = 'N': Eigenvalues are not ordered;
= 'S': Eigenvalues are ordered (see SELECT).
SELECT (input) LOGICAL FUNCTION of two REAL variables
SELECT must be declared EXTERNAL in the calling subroutine. If
SORT = 'S', SELECT is used to select eigenvalues to sort to the top
left of the Schur form. If SORT = 'N', SELECT is not referenced.
An eigenvalue WR(j)+sqrt(-1)*WI(j) is selected if
SELECT(WR(j),WI(j)) is true; i.e., if either one of a complex con-
jugate pair of eigenvalues is selected, then both complex eigen-
values are selected. Note that a selected complex eigenvalue may
no longer satisfy SELECT(WR(j),WI(j)) = .TRUE. after ordering,
since ordering may change the value of complex eigenvalues (espe-
cially if the eigenvalue is ill-conditioned); in this case INFO is
set to N+2 (see INFO below).
N (input) INTEGER
The order of the matrix A. N >= 0.
A (input/output) REAL array, dimension (LDA,N)
On entry, the N-by-N matrix A. On exit, A has been overwritten by
its real Schur form T.
LDA (input) INTEGER
The leading dimension of the array A. LDA >= max(1,N).
SDIM (output) INTEGER
If SORT = 'N', SDIM = 0. If SORT = 'S', SDIM = number of eigen-
values (after sorting) for which SELECT is true. (Complex conjugate
pairs for which SELECT is true for either eigenvalue count as 2.)
WR (output) REAL array, dimension (N)
WI (output) REAL array, dimension (N) WR and WI contain the
real and imaginary parts, respectively, of the computed eigenvalues
in the same order that they appear on the diagonal of the output
Schur form T. Complex conjugate pairs of eigenvalues will appear
consecutively with the eigenvalue having the positive imaginary
part first.
VS (output) REAL array, dimension (LDVS,N)
If JOBVS = 'V', VS contains the orthogonal matrix Z of Schur vec-
tors. If JOBVS = 'N', VS is not referenced.
LDVS (input) INTEGER
The leading dimension of the array VS. LDVS >= 1; if JOBVS = 'V',
LDVS >= N.
WORK (workspace/output) REAL array, dimension (LWORK)
On exit, if INFO = 0, WORK(1) contains the optimal LWORK.
LWORK (input) INTEGER
The dimension of the array WORK. LWORK >= max(1,3*N). For good
performance, LWORK must generally be larger.
BWORK (workspace) LOGICAL array, dimension (N)
Not referenced if SORT = 'N'.
INFO (output) INTEGER
= 0: successful exit
< 0: if INFO = -i, the i-th argument had an illegal value.
> 0: if INFO = i, and i is
<= N: the QR algorithm failed to compute all the
eigenvalues; elements 1:ILO-1 and i+1:N of WR and WI contain those
eigenvalues which have converged; if JOBVS = 'V', VS contains the
matrix which reduces A to its partially converged Schur form. =
N+1: the eigenvalues could not be reordered because some eigen-
values were too close to separate (the problem is very ill-
conditioned); = N+2: after reordering, roundoff changed values of
some complex eigenvalues so that leading eigenvalues in the Schur
form no longer satisfy SELECT=.TRUE. This could also be caused by
underflow due to scaling.
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